[1] Community Voices: Healthcare for the Underserved, “Oral Health for All: Policy for Available, Accessible, and Acceptable Care”, p. 1 (citation from Helberg H, “Health for All or for Some Only?” 1994) http://www.communityvoices.org/Uploads/vgon0eagtnzfjwbujlpvmb55_20020813104505.pdf.

[2] Isman R and Isman B, “Access to Oral Health Services in the U.S. 1997 and Beyond”, p. 199, Oral Health America, http://www.oralhealthamerica.org/Access%201997%20and%20Beyond-Isman.pdf

[3] Isman, p. 199.

[4] Kaiser Family Foundation, “ Congressional Prevention Coalition Oral Health Policy Briefing”, September 24, 2002, Washington, DC. Comments by Dr. Burton Edelstein, Founding Director, Children’s Dental Health Project of Washington, D.C., http://www.kaisernetwork.org/admin/healthcast/uploaded_files/Transcript_OralHealth.doc.pdf.

[5] Isman, p. 58 (citation: Ripa LW, “A Half-Century of Community Water Fluoridation in the United States: Review and Commentary, Journal of Public Health Dentistry 1993:52(1): 17-44.)

[6] Community Voices, Oral Health for All, p.16.

[7] Oral Health in America: A Report of the Surgeon General, Department of Health and Human Services, U.S. Public Health Service, Rockville, MD, 2000, p. 1 and p. 7.

[8] Oral Health in America, p. 1 and p. 53.

[9] Oral Health in America, p. 269.

[10] U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Healthy People 2010, Volume II, http://www.healthypeople.gov/document/tableofcontents.htm, p. 21-7.

[11] Oral Health in America, p. 156-157.

[12] Oral Health in America, p. 7

[13] Community Voices, The Disparity Cavity: Filling America’s Oral Health Gap, http://www.communityvoices.org/Uploads/fiok23y4gwhfkg45ksbde3jb_20020826095615.pdf. , p 1

[14] Oral Health in America, p. 7

[15] Community Voices, p. 6.

[16] United States General Accounting Office, Oral Health: Dental Disease is a Chronic Problem Among Low-Income Populations, April 2000, p.7, http://www.gao.gov/

[17] Oral Health America, “Keep America Smiling: Oral health in America”, The Oral Health America National Grading Project 2003, http://www.oralhealthamerica.org/Report%20Card.htm, p. 2.

[18] Edelstein, Oral Health Policy Briefing.

[19] Community Voices, p. 6.

[20] Community Voices, p. 7-8.

[21] Community Voices, p. 8.

[22] Community Voices, p. 8.

[23] U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, Summary Health Statistics for U.S. Adults: National Health Interview Survey, 2001, p. 119, www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/series/sr_10/sr10_218pdf.

[24] Barnett WS and Brown KC, “American Dental Association, Dental Health Policy Analysis Series: Issues in Children’s Access to Dental Care Under Medicaid”, Chicago, IL, April 2000, p. 15, (citation from a study by Mueller et al. “Access to dental care in the United States: Estimates from a 1994 survey”, Journal of the American Dental Association, 129, 429-437.)

[25] Isman R and Isman B, “Access to Oral Health Services in the U.S. 1997 and Beyond”, p. 7, Oral Health America, http://www.oralhealthamerica.org/Access%201997%20and%20Beyond-Isman.pdf.

[26] Healthy People 2010, Volume II, p. 21-7.

[27] American Dental Association, “Uninsured Persons Record Big Increase in Dental Visits, Remain Far Behind Those with Dental Insurance, Study Says”, http://www.ada.org/public/media/releases/0305_release03.asp.

[28] Isman, p. 64.

[29] Oral Health in America, Chapter 4, and p.

[30] Community Voices, Disparity Cavity, p. 2 (citation: Division of Shortage Designation Bureau of Primary Health Care, HRSA. http://bphc.hrsa.gov/databases/newhpsa/newhpsa.cfm).

[31] Isman, p. 6

[32] Oral Health in America, p. 235 and p. 241.

[33] Oral Health in America, p. 241 and p. 269.

[34] American Dental Education Association et al., “Improving the Oral Health Status of All Americans: Roles and Responsibilities of Academic Dental Institutions,”

[35] Oral Health in America, p. 241.

[36] Oral Health America, Grading Project, p. 2.

[37] Kaiser, comments by Edelstein.

[38] Oral Health in America, p. 216.

[39] Barnett et al. p. 7.

[40] Oral Health in America, p. 10.

[41] Isman et al., p. 117.

[42] Oral Health in America, p. 286.

[43] Oral Health in America, p. 268.

[44] History of Fones School, University of Bridgeport, School of Dental Hygiene, http://www.bridgeport.edu/dental/history.html

[45] History of Dental Hygiene, http://www.askadentalhygienist.com/hst/defalut.asp.

[46] History of Fones School, University of Bridgeport, School of Dental Hygiene.

[47] History of Fones School, University of Bridgeport, School of Dental Hygiene.

[48] American Dental Hygienist Association, Licensee Populations and State Board Representation.

[49] Dental Assisting, Hygiene and Laboratory Technology Education Programs, American Dental Association, Commission on Dental Accreditation, http://www.ada.org/prof/ed/programs/dahlt/alliedus.asp.

[50] American Dental Hygienists’ Association (ADHA), Educational Standards Position Paper, 2001, Chicago, IL, p. 2, http://www.adha.org/profissues/education_standards.htm.

[51] ADHA, Dental Hygiene Participation in Regulations, September 2001.

[52] Florida Statutes, Title XXXII, Chapter 466.004 (2) (a), http://www.flsenate.gov/Statutes/index.cfm?App_mode=Display_Index&Title_Request=XXXII#TitleXXXII.

[53] Maryland Code, Title 4, Subtitle 2, 4-205, http://198.187.128.12/maryland/lpext.dll?f=templates&fn=fs-main.htm&2.0.

[54] Regulations of Connecticut State Agencies, Department of Social Services Concerning Requirements for Payment of Public Health Dental Hygienist Services, Sections 17b-262-698, 17b-262-699, 17b-262-700.

[55] New Mexico Statutes, Chapter 61, Article 5A, 61-5A-9, 61-5A-10, 61-5A-11, http://198.187.128.12/newmexico/lpext.dll?f=templates&fn=fs-main.htm&2.0.

[56] Texas Occupations Code, Chapter 262, Subchapter B, 262.051 to 262.057, http://www.capitol.state.tx.us/statutes/oc/oc0026200.html#oc004.262.051.

[57] ADHA, DH Participation in Regulation.

[58] Delaware Code, Title 24, Professions and Occupations, Chapter 11, Subchapter I, 1104. http://www.professionallicensing.state.de.us/decode/t24/dentistry/t24_0110.htm#TopOfPage.

[59] Iowa Statutes 2003, Chapter 153.33A, http://www.legis.state.ia.us/IACODE/2003/153/33A.html.

[60] Missouri Revised Statutes, Chapter 332.086, http://www.moga.state.mo.us/statutes/C300-399/3320086.HTM.

[61] Committee on Dental Auxiliaries of the Dental Board of California, Supplemental Sunset Review Report on Auxiliary Scopes of Practice, October 5, 2002, p.20, http://www.comda.ca.gov/sunset2002supplemental.pdf.

[62] ADHA, Dental Hygiene Legislative Activity 1985 to 2001, October 2001, Chicago, IL.

[63] American Dental Association, 1993 Legal Provisions for Delegating Functions to Dental Assistants and Dental Hygienists, Chicago, IL, 1998 Survey of Legal Provisions for Delegating Expanded Functions to Chairside Assistants and Dental Hygienists, Chicago, IL, 2000 Survey of Legal Provisions for Delegating Intraoral Functions to Chairside Assistants and Dental Hygienists, Chicago, IL.

[64] American Dental Association, 1993 Legal Provisions for Delegating Functions, 1998 Survey of Legal Provisions, 2000 Survey of Legal Provisions.

[65] American Dental Hygienists Association, Dental Hygiene Legislative Activity 1985 to 2001.

[66] Ibid.

[67] New Mexico Statutes, Powers and Duties of the Board and the Committee 61-5A-10, http://www.rld.state.nm.us/b&c/dental/rulesnlaw/61-5A-10%20Powers%20and%20duties%20of%20the%20board%20and%20committee.pdf.

[68] New Mexico Statutes, Committee Created 61-5A-9, http://www.rld.state.nm.us/b&c/dental/rulesnlaw/61-5A-10%20Powers%20and%20duties%20of%20the%20board%20and%20committee.pdf.

[69] Online Sunshine, the 2002 Florida Statutes, Title XXXII, Chapter 466, 466.004(2)(a)&(b), http://www.flsenate.gov/Statutes/index.cfm?App_mode=Display_Statute&Search_String=&URL=Ch0466/SEC004.HTM&Title=->2002->Ch0466->Section%20004.

[70] South Carolina Code of Laws, Title 40, Chapter 15, Dentists, Dental Hygienists, Section 40-15-20, http://www.1pitr.state.sc.us/code/t40c015.htm.   

[71] Office of the Attorney General, State of Oklahoma, State Dental Act, 59-328.7, http://oklegal.onenet.net/oklegal-cgi/get_statute?99/Title.59/59-328.7.html.

[72] Illinois Compiled Statutes, Professions and Occupations, Illinois Dental Practice Act, 225 ILCS 25/6, http://www.legis.state.il.us/ilcs/ch225/ch225act25.htm.

[73] Georgia Official Code, 43-11-2 G(d)(1), http://www.ganet.state.ga.us/cgi-bin/pub/ocode/ocgsearch?doc…/2&highlight=dental/hygien.          

[74] American Dental Hygienists Association Educational Standards Position Paper 2001, http://www.adha.org/profissues/education_standards.htm 

[75] Boards and Commissions, Board of Dental Health Care State of New Mexico, Rules and Law, 61-5A-1, Short Title, http://www.rld.state.nm.us/b&c/dental/rulesnlaw/61-5A-1%20Short%20title.pdf.

[76] Utah Code, Dentist and Dental Hygienist Practice Act, Title 58, Chapter 69, http://www.le.state.ut.us/~code/TITLE58/58_2F.htm.        

[77] Oregon Revised Statutes, Chapter 680, Dental Hygienists; Denturists, http://landru.leg.state.or.us/ors/680.html.

[78] Colorado Revised Statutes, Title 12 Professions and Occupations Health Care, Article 35. Dentists and Dental Hygienists, Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe-Document.

[79] Article 16, Dental Hygiene Practice Act, North Carolina, http://www.ncdentalboard.org/d_hygiene_act.htm.

[80] Annotated Revised Code of Washington, Title 18. Businesses and Professions, Chapter18.29. Dental Hygienists, Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe-Document,

[81] Delaware Code Annotated, Title 24. Professions and Occupations, Chapter 11. Dentistry and Dental Hygiene, Subchapter III. Dental Hygiene, Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe-Document.

[82] California Codes, Business and Professions, Code, Section 1740-1770, WAIS Document Retrieval, …/waisgate?WAISdocID=7261163566+2+0+0&WAIsaction=retri10/10/2001.

[83] Dental Regulations –1085 (California), http://www.comda.ca.gov/1085.html.         

[84] California Codes, Business and Professions Code, Section 1740, http;//www.leginfo.ca.gov/cgi-bin/waisgate?WAISdocID=93022113963+0+0+0&WAISac..

[85] Mississippi Dental Practice Act, Code of 1972 Annotated, Title 73, Chapter 9, Dentists, http://msbde.state.ms.us/rrpart1.htm. and Mississippi Regulations and Rules Adopted by the Mississippi State Board of Dental Examiners, http://www.msbde.state.ms.us/rrpart2.htm.

[86] Mississippi Dental Practice Act, 73-9-5(1), http://www.msbde.state.ms.us/rrpart1.htm.    

[87] Rules and Regulations Pursuant to Title 59 O.S. 328.1 ET SEQ., Board of Dentistry, State of Oklahoma, 195:15-1-6©, p. 42-43, http://www.dentist.state.ok.us/Rules.pdf.

[88] South Carolina Code of Law, Title 40 Professions and Occupations, Chapter 15 Dentists, Dental Hygienists and Dental Technicians, Section 40-15-80 (B) and (C), http://www.lpitr.state.sc.us/code/t40c015.htm.

[89] South Carolina Code of Law , Section 40-15-85 (B).

[90] The Pennsylvania Code, Subchapter A. General Provisions, 33.1 Definitions, http://www.pacode.com/secure/data/049/chapter33/subchapAtoc.html.

[91] The Pennsylvania Code, Title 49, Professional and Vocational Standards, Chapter 33, State Board of Dentistry, Section 205(d)(1)(i)(1).

[92] Arkansas State Board of Dental Examiners, Rules and Regulations, Article XI, Dental Hygienists Functions (A), http://www.asbde.org/.

[93] Annotated Revised Code of Washington, Title 18. Businesses and Professions, Chapter 18.29, Section .056(1) and (2), Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe-Document.

[94] South Dakota State Board of Dentistry, Statutes, Title 26, Chapter 6A, Section 26(19), http://legis.state.sd.us/statutes/Index.cfm?FuseAction=DisoplayStatute&FindType=Statute&txtStatute=36-6A.

[95] Archived Rule Revisions for 1996, Department of Consumer and Industry Services, Office of Health Services, Board of Dentistry, General Rules, Part 1, R 338.11101(q) and R 338.1109, http:…/arcrules.asp?type=Numeric&id+1996&subID=1996%2D044+CI&subCat=Admincod. 

[96] Maine Department of Professional and Financial Regulation, Board of Dental Examiners, Rules Relating to Dental Hygienists, 02-313 Chapter 1, Section 1B, http://www.state.me.us/sos/cec/rcn/apa/02/chaps02.htm.

[97] Rules of Department of Economic Development, Division, 110 – Missouri Dental Board, Chapter 2 – General Rules, Section 2.001, p. 3, http://www.sos.state.mo.us/adrules/csr/current/4csr/4c110-2.pdf.

[98] Rules of Department of Economic Development, Division 110 – Missouri Dental Board, Chapter 2 – General Rules, Section 2.001(5)

[99] Nebraska Administrative Code, Title 172, Chapter 53, Section 001.05, http://www.sos.state.ne.us//hhs/t172-55.pdf.

[100] Washington State Legislature, Revised Code of Washington, Title 18, Chapter 29, Section .056, http://www.leg.wa.gov/RCW/index.cfm?fuseaction=section8section=18.29.056.      

[101] Ohio Revised Code, 4715.23 Limitations on practice, http://www.state.oh.us/den/laws.htm.

[102] Tennessee Statute, Lexis Nexis™, Title 63 Professions of the Healing Arts: Chapter 5, Dentists, http://198.187.128.12/tennessee/lpext.dll?f=templates&fn=fs-main.htm&2.0.

[103] California Business and Professions Code, Section 1763, WAIS Document Retrieval, http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/cgi-bin/waisgate?WAISdocID=35171727440+0+0+0&WAISaction=retrieve.

[104] American Dental Association, http://www.ada.org/prof/ed/accred/whatis /index.html.

[105] American Dental Association, http://www.ada.org/prof/ed/programs/dahlt/

[106] The Code of Alabama, Section 34-9-26, http://www.legislature.state.al.us/codeofalabama/1975/34-9-26.htm.        

[107] Rules and Regulations Pertaining to Dentists – Dental Hygienists – and Dental Assistants, State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, Department of Health, Board of Examiners in Dentistry, http://www.rules.state.ri.us/rules/wrappers/175.html.

[108] The 2001 Florida Statutes, Title 22, Chapter 466, Section 003(12), http://www.leg.state.fl.us/Statutes/index.cfm?mode=View%20Statutes&Sub…/Ch0466.HT.

[109] The 2001 Florida Statutes, Title 22, Chapter 466, Section 003(11).

[110] Hawaii Statutes, Chapter 447 Dental Hygienists, Section 447-3(c ), http://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/hrscurrent/Vol10_Ch0436-0471/HRS0447/HRS_0447-0003.htm.

[111] Oklahoma Statutes, Chapter 59, Section 328.29 (l), http://oklegal.onenet.net/oklegal-cgi/get_statute?99/Title.59/59-328.29.html.

[112] Louisiana Revised Statutes, Title 37, Chapter 9 Dentists, Section 766, Hygienists, employment; operations limited, http://oklegal.onenet.net/oklegal-cgi/get_statute?99/Title.59/59-328.29.html.

[113] Colorado Revised Statutes, Title 12, Professions and Occupations, Healthcare Article 35 Dentist and Dental Hygienists, Part 1 General Provisions 12-35-112 http://198.187.128.12/colorado/lpext.dll?f=templates&fn=fs-main.htm&2.0.

[114] California Code of Regulations, Title 16 Professional and Vocational Regulation, Division 10 Dental Board, Chapter 3 Dental Auxiliaries, Article 5 Duties and Settings, Section 1090, RDHAP Duties and Settings, http://www.comda.ca.gov/1076.html.

[115] State of New Hampshire Revised Statutes Online, Title XXX Occupations and Profession, Chapter 317-A, Dentists and Dentistry, Dental Hygienist, Section 317-A:21-d Practice Limitations, http://www.gencourt.state.nh.us/rsa/html/XXX/317-A/317-A-21-d.htm.

[116] New Jersey State Board of Dentistry Statutes, Annotated, Title 45, Chapter 6. Article 64, Establishment of independent office of dental hygienist; prohibition, http://www.state.nj.us/lps/ca/dentistry/denty.htm#denty1.

[117] Virginia Board of Dentistry, Title of Regulations 18VAC 60-20-10, Regulations Governing the Practice of Dentistry and Dental Hygiene, http://www.dhp.state.va.us/dentistry/leg/Dentistry%206-21-00.doc.

[118] Kentucky Revised Statutes, Title XXVI Occupations and Professions, Chapter 313 Dentists and Dental Specialists, Section 310(7), http://www.lrc.state.ky.us/KRS/313-00/310.PDF.

[119] Maine Department of Professional and Financial Regulation, Board of Dental Examiners, Rules Relating to Dental Hygienists, 02-313-1- Section 4. Public Health Supervision Status (F) Reimbursement, http://www.state.me.us/sos/cec/rcn/apa/02/chaps02.htm.

[120] Connecticut Statutes, Chapter 379A Dental Hygienists, Sec. 20-126s Payment for dental hygiene care . . ,http://www.dph.state.ct.us/Licensure/apps/dent_hyg_stats.pdf. 

[121] Missouri Revised Statutes, Chapter 332 Dentists, Section 311.2, http://www.moga.state.mo.us/statutes/c300-399/3320311.htm.

[122] Washington Administrative Code, Title 388 Department of Social and Health Services, Chapter 388 Dental Related Services, WAC 388-535-1070 Dental-related services provider information, http://search.leg.wa.gov/wslwac/WAC%20388%20%20TITLE/WAC%20388%20-535%20%20CHAPTER/WAC%20388%20-535%20-1070.htm.

[123] Nevada Administrative Code: Dentistry and Dental Hygiene, NAC631.210 Duties delegable to dental hygienists, http://www.leg.state.nv.us/NAC/NAC-631.html#NAC631Sec210.

[124] Arkansas State Board of Dental Examiners, Rules and Regulations, Article XI Dental Hygienists Functions A.2.a., http://www.asbde.org/.

[125] Administrative Rules and Regulations of the State of Georgia, Chapter 150, Rules of Georgia Board of Dentistry, 150-5-.03 Supervision of Dental Hygienists. Amended,  http://www.state.ga.us/rules/index.cgi? base=150/5/03.

[126] Oregon State Archives Administrative Rules, Oregon Board of Dentistry, Division 35, Dental Hygiene, 818-035-0010 to 818-035-0100, http://arcweb.sos.state.or.us/rules/OARS_800/OAR_818/818_035.html.

[127] Regulations of Connecticut State Agencies, Department of Social Services Concerning Requirements for Payment of Public Health Dental Hygienist Services, Section 17b-262-694 and Connecticut Statutes, Chapter 379a, Dental Hygienists, http://www.cga.state.ct.us/2001/pub/Chap379a.htm.

[128] Statutes, State of Colorado, Title 12 Professions and Occupations, Article 35 Dentists and Dental Hygienists, Section 122.5, http://www.dora.state.co.us/dental/dstatu.htm#statute.

[129] Colorado Revised Statutes, Title 26, Human Services Code, Article 4. Colorado Medical Assistance Act, Part 4. Administrative Procedures, http://198.187.128.12/colorado/lpext.dll?f=templates&fn=fs-main.htm&2.0.

[130] South Carolina Code of Laws Title 40, Professions and Occupations, Chapter 15, Dentists, Dental Hygienists and Dental Technicians, Section 40-15-80, http://www.lpitr.state.sc.us/code/t40c015.htm.

[131] California Business and Professions Code, Article 7 Dental Auxiliaries, Section 1742.

[132] California Business and Professions Code, Article 7 Dental Auxiliaries, Section 1085(14).

[133] California Business and Professions Code, Chapter 3, Article 5, Section 1086 (15).

[134] California Business and Professions Code, Chapter 3, Article 5, Section 1087 (7). 16     

[135] Vermont Board of Dental Examiners, Rules Relating to the Profession, Part 2. Information for Applicants, Section 2.7, 2.9,2.10, http://www.vtprofessionals.org/opr1/dentists/dentrule.html.

[136] Oklahoma Statutes, State Dental Act, 59-328.3(7) and (8), http://oklegal.onenet.net/oklegal-cgi/ifetch?Oklahoma_Statutes.99+2145936077242+F.

[137] Rules and Regulations, Board of Dentistry, State of Oklahoma, Chapter 15 Duties . . , 195.15-1-1.1.Definitions, http://www.dentist.state.ok.us/RULES.PDF.

[138] Rules and Regulations, Board of Dentistry, State of Oklahoma, 195:15-1-4, http://www.dentist.state.ok.us/RULES.PDF.

[139] Rules and Regulations, Board of Dentistry, State of Oklahoma, 195:15-1-6.1.

[140] Kansas Dental Board, Regulations, Article 6-Dental Auxiliaries, Section 71-6-1 and 71-6-4, http://www.accesskansas.org/kdb/regulations.html.

[141] Kentucky Revised Statutes, KRS Chapter 313, 313.435 Administrative regulations on practices that may be performed by dental assistant, http://www.lrc.state.ky.us/KRS/313-00/345.PDF.

[142] Iowa Administrative Code, Dental Examiners (650), Title III Licensing, Chapter 10, General, 650-10.3(2), http://www.legis.state.ia.us/Rules/2002/iac/650iac/65010/65010.pdf.

[143] North Dakota Century Code, Title 43. Occupations and Professions, Chapter 43-20. Dental Hygienist, Section 43-20-11, Practice of dental hygiene. .. http://www.state.nd.us/lr/cencode/T43C20.pdf.

[144] North Dakota Century Code, 43-20-12. procedures, http://onlinedocs.andersonpublishing.com/oac/home3.cfm?GRStructure1=4715&GRStructure2=4715%2D11&GRStructure3=&TextField=%3CJD%3A%224715%2D11%22%3EChapter%204715%2D11%20Qualified%20Personnel.

[145] Ohio Administrative Code, 4715-11-03 Non-delegable dental tasks and/or procedures, http://onlinedocs.andersonpublishing.com/oac/home3.cfm?GRStructure1=4715&GRStructure2=4715%2D11&GRStructure3=&TextField=%3CJD%3A%224715%2D11%22%3EChapter%204715%2D11%20Qualified%20Personnel.

[146] Ohio Administrative Code, 4715-9-05 Practice when the Dentist is not physically present, http://onlinedocs.andersonpublishing.com/oac/home3.cfm?GRStructure1=4715&GRStructure2=4715%2D9&GRStructure3=&TextField=%3CJD%3A%224715%2D9%22%3EChapter%204715%2D9%20Dental%20Hygienists.

[147] Ohio Administrative Code, 4715-3-01, Definitions. http://onlinedocs.andersonpublishing.com/oac/home3.cfm?GRStructure1=4715&GRStructure2=4715%2D3&GRStructure3=&TextField=%3CJD%3A%224715%2D3%22%3EChapter%204715%2D3%20Definitions.

[148] California Business and Professions Code, Section 1770(h), http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/cgi-bin/waisgate?WAISdocID=5817906736+0+0+0&WAISaction=retrieve.

[149] Pennsylvania Code, Title 49, 33.205(d), Practice as a dental hygienist -Supervision, http://www.pacode.com/secure/data/049/chapter33/s33.205.html.

[150] South Carolina Code of Laws, Title 40, Chapter 15, Dentists, Dental Hygienists, Section 40-15-80(B) and (C), http://www.lpitr.state.sc.us/code/t40c015.htm.

[151] South Carolina Code of Laws, Title 40, Chapter 15, Section 40-15-85(B)

[152] Oklahoma Board of Dentistry, Rules and Regulations, Chapter 15. Duties for Dental Assistants and the Rules Regulating the Practice of Dental Hygiene, http://dentistry.ouhsc.edu/board/RulesRegs/Chap15.html.

[153] Hawaii Code Annotated, Division 2. Business, Title 25. Professions and Occupations, Chapter 447. Dental Hygienists, Section 447-3. Employment of and practice by dental hygienists, http://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/hrscurrent/vol10_ch0436-0471/hrs0447/hrs_0447-0003.htm.

[154] Connecticut Statutes, Chapter 379a. Dental Hygiene, Section 20-126s. Payment for dental hygiene care … http://www.dph.state.ct.us/Licensure/apps/dent_hyg_stats.pdf.

[155] Regulations of Connecticut State Agencies, Department of Social Services, Concerning Requirements for Payment of Public Health Dental Hygienist Services, Section 17b-262-697 (5).

[156] Oklahoma Board of Dentistry, Rules and Regulations, Chapter 15. Duties for Dental Assistants and the Rules Regulating the Practice of Dental Hygiene, Section 195:15-1-1.1, Definitions, http://dentistry.ouhsc.edu/board/RulesRegs/Chap15.html.

[157] California Business and Professions Code, Article 7 Dental Auxiliaries, Section 1770(h), http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/cgi-bin/displaycode?section=bpc&group=01001-02000&file=1740-1775.

[158] The 2002 Florida Statutes, Title 32 Regulation of Professions and Occupations, Chapter 466 Dentistry, Dental Hygiene, and Dental Laboratories, Section 466.018 Dentist of record, http://www.flsenate.gov/Statutes/index.cfm?App_mode=Display_Statute&Search_String=&URL=Ch0466/SEC018.HTM&Title=->2002->Ch0466->Section%20018.

[159] Rules of Economic Development, Division 110 Missouri Dental Board, Chapter 2 General Rules, 4 CSR 110-2.001 Definitions, http://www.sos.state.mo.us/adrules/csr/current/4csr/4c110-2.pdf.

[160] Colorado Revised Statutes, Title 12 Professions and Occupations: Health Care, Article 35 Dentists and Dental Hygienists, Section 12-35-122.5 What Constitutes Practicing Unsupervised Dental Hygiene, http://198.187.128.12/colorado/lpext.dll?f=templates&fn=fs-main.htm&2.0.

[161] North Dakota Century Code, Chapter 42.20 Dental Hygienists, 43-2-11. Practice of dental hygiene supplemental to practice of dentistry, http://www.nddentalboard.org/law/Hyg-43-20.pdf.

[162] Alabama Administrative Code, Board of Dental Examiners of Alabama, Chapter 270-X-3-.04, Alabama Dental Hygiene Program Requirements, http://www.alabamaadministrativecode.state.al.us/.

[163] Legislation and Regulation 2002-2003, California Dental Hygienists Association, http://www.cdha.org/lesis/legupdate.htm.

[164] Annotated Revised Code of Washington, RCW, Title 18: Businesses and Professions, Chapter 18.29, http://www.leg.wa.gov/RCW/index.cfm?fuseaction=chapterdigest&chapter=18.29.

[165] Dental Hygiene Participation in Regulation, American Dental Hygiene Association, May 2002.

[166] Iowa Code, 153.33A Dental hygiene committee, http://www.legis.state.ia.us/cgi-bin/IACODE/Code2001SUPPLEMENT.pl.

[167] Statutory Chapters in New Mexico Statutes Annotated 1978: Chapter 61: Professional and Occupational Licenses: Article 5A: Dental Health Care, http://www.michie.com/newmexico/lpext.dll?f=templates&fn=fs-main.htm&2.0.

[168] Maryland Statutes, Subtitle 2. State Board of Dental Examiners, #4-205 Miscellaneous powers and duties, http://mlis.state.md.us/cgi-win/web_statutes.exe.

[169] Texas Occupations Code – Chapter 262, Regulation of Dental Hygienists, Subchapter B. Dental Hygiene Advisory Committee, 262.053, http://www.capitol.state.tx.us/statutes/oc/oc0026200.html#oc004.262.051.

[170] Texas Occupations Code, 262.101, Powers and Duties of Board Relating to Dental Hygienists.

[171] 2002 Florida Statutes, Title XXXII Regulation of Professions and Occupations, Chapter 466, Dentistry, Dental Hygiene, and Dental Laboratories, Section 004 Board of Dentistry, http://www.flsenate.gov/Statutes/index.cfm?App_mode=Display_Statute&Search_String=&URL=Ch0466/SEC004.HTM&Title=->2002->Ch0466->Section%20004.

[172] Kansas Statutes, Chapter 65 Public Health, Article 14 Regulation of Dentists and Dental Hygienists, Section 1466, http://www.accesskansas.org/kdb/statutes.html#ch65.

[173] Rules and Regulations, Board of Dentistry, State of Oklahoma, 195:15-1-6(e), http://www.dentist.state.ok.us/RULES.PDF.

[174] Administrative Rules of the Iowa Board of Dental Examiners, Dental Examiners Board (650), Chapter 10.3(3), http://www.legis.state.ia.us/Rules/2002/iac/gnac/gnac2798/gna2799.pdf.

[175] State of the States, Overview of 1999 State Legislation on Access to Oral Health, Center for Policy Alternatives, p.5, http://www.cfpa.org/cpa/publications/pdf/legbrief.pdf.

[176] What Is Accreditation?, American Dental Association, http://www.ada.org/prof/ed/accred/whatis/define.html.

[177] Accredited Dental Hygiene Programs, American Dental Hygienists Association, http://www.adha.org/careerinfo/schools.htm.

[178] Policy Framework for Dental Hygiene Education in Canada 2005, The Canadian Dental Hygienists Association, http://www.cdha.ca/content/newsroom/pdf/PolicyFramework2005.pdf.

[179] Taking Dental Hygiene to the Next Level: Advanced Degrees in Dental Hygiene, Presentation ADHA Annual Session, C. Amyot, M. Darby, and R. Wilder, from Bureau of Labor Statistics, Bureau of The Census 2000, Current Population Survey-Basic Monthly.

[180] Illinois State Dental Society, News and Notes, Hygienists Seek to Boost Political Clout from the Chicago Tribune 10/09/02, http://www.isds.org/News-1102_1f.htm.

[181] An Oral Health Plan for Nevada, health2k.state.nv.us/oral/class/Plan.pdf.

[182] Arkansas Year 2000 Statewide Oral Health Needs Assessment Survey, http://www.healthyarkansas.com/Oral_Health/pdf/needs.pdf.

[183] The Oral Health Crisis in Massachusetts: Report of the Special legislative Commission on Oral Health, February 2000, http://www.oralhealthcommission.homestead.com/.

[184] Oral Health Summit Seeks to Better Idaho’s Smile, State of Idaho, Department of Health and Welfare, http://www2.state.id.us/dhw/news/2001/01nov02_oral_health.htm.

[185] Addressing the Crisis of Oral Health Access for Colorado’s Children, Colorado Commission on Children’s Dental Health, December 2000, http://www.cdphe.state.co.us/pp/oralhealth/cccdhrpt.pdf.

[186] Ronald McDonald House Charities, News & Events, http://www.rmhc.com/news/news_recent_4/index.html.

[187] Improving Oral Health Care Systems in California, Chapter 4, Dental Safety Net in California, p. 4-14, http://www.futurehealth.ucsf.edu/pdf_files/CDAP/CDAP%20Ch4.pdf.

[188] Project Stretch, http://www.sanjuandelsur.org.ni/community/stretch.html.